Symbols · PHY

Ethernet physical-layer transceiver

In plain English

What does Ethernet physical-layer transceiver mean?

An Ethernet PHY handles the electrical signalling of the selected Ethernet physical link.

A simple example

A network controller can connect through a PHY and its associated interface components to a cable.

Network controller interfaceEthernet PHYSpecified cable-side link
Original functional explanation. Arrows show information or energy roles; two-headed arrows identify two-way interfaces. This is not a pinout, certified standards graphic or complete circuit.

What the drawings help you do

Draw the link between the network controller and PHY separately from the cable-side interface. The PHY handles the physical signalling of the chosen Ethernet variant. The connector, magnetics where required, cable and controller interface still have to match the selected design.

PHY
Physical-layer circuitry that sends and receives a selected link’s electrical signals.
MAC
Media-access control, a separate part of an Ethernet communication implementation.

Before using this reference

  • Identify the supported Ethernet physical-layer variant.
  • Show the selected controller-to-PHY interface.
  • Reference connector, cable and line-interface requirements.
Does a PHY make a complete Ethernet switch?

No. A switch needs the selected switching functions and ports in addition to physical interfaces. A PHY alone does not provide routing or the application running on a networked device.

Read the source: Ethernet physical interfaces

Schematic · PHYEthernet physical-layer transceiver: original educational illustration
Original educational illustrationNot to scale · See source and graphic notes

A distinction that matters

A PHY is not a complete Ethernet switch, router or application controller.

Sources you can follow

These public references support the explanation and provide further detail. Their graphics and downloadable files remain with their publishers.

Ethernet physical interfaces

Ethernet physical interfaces: public technical context for the named function. Product and compliance details remain with the publisher.

Texas Instruments · Public reference checked 27 October 2026 · Link only

About this graphic

This illustration was authored independently by Elora Grid to explain the concept. It is not reproduced from a customer drawing, an official standard graphic or a manufacturer CAD file. Its correspondence to an exact IEC or IEEE symbol identifier has not been certified.

SVG and DXF downloads contain this original artwork. DXF uses unscaled drawing units; a GA envelope supplies no product dimensions, clearances or fabrication information. Original artwork is available under CC BY 4.0. Third-party references retain their own terms.

Entry JSON · Entry Markdown · Last editorial update: 27 October 2026

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