Side-by-side reference

Understand the difference.

Compare the meaning, drawing context and source references of two entries. A similar graphic or shared abbreviation does not establish equivalence.

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Protection functions

Current unbalance / negative sequence

Device function number 46 is associated with reverse-phase or phase-balance current protection. Manufacturer implementations often use negative-sequence or current-unbalance quantities. The implementation, measurement basis and protected equipment must be identified in the protection documentation.

Drawing use: SLD / Schematic
Application: Metering & protection
Reference family: IEEE / ANSI

A distinction that matters

Current unbalance and voltage phase-sequence or balance functions use different measured quantities. Identify the element explicitly.

Full reference

Protection functions

Thermal protection

A thermal protection function responds to a thermal condition or model appropriate to the selected machine or transformer application. Its inputs and implementation vary between devices, so the number alone does not establish a sensor arrangement or a thermal model.

Drawing use: SLD / Schematic
Application: Metering & protection
Reference family: IEEE / ANSI

A distinction that matters

A thermal relay, temperature sensor and instantaneous overcurrent element are different devices or functions.

Full reference

Original educational previews. Follow the source references on each full entry for the appropriate standard or selected product.